What is a factor pair?

A factor pair is a set of two numbers that can be multiplied together to give a specific product. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, and the factor pairs of 12 are (1, 12), (2, 6), and (3, 4) because when you multiply these pairs together, you get 12. Factor pairs are useful in finding the prime factorization of a number and in solving problems involving factors and multiples.